IFAC Recognised · Ghana

ICAG
Professional Qualification

Institute of Chartered Accountants, Ghana — The gold standard qualification for accountants in Ghana. 14 papers, 3 levels, and a pathway recognised by IFAC worldwide.

Syllabus effective November 2024 (2024–2029). Preparing well-rounded professionals capable of contributing real value to any organisation — in Ghana and across the world.

14
Examination Papers
3
Qualification Levels
50%
Pass Mark Per Paper
450
Days Work Experience
About the Qualification

What is the ICAG Professional Qualification?

The ICAG Professional Qualification is the premier accounting designation in Ghana, awarded by the Institute of Chartered Accountants, Ghana (ICAG). It is designed to develop competent professional accountants capable of accepting the accounting responsibilities that businesses, government and regulatory authorities demand.

The qualification is comparable to modern standards employed by leading institutes across the world — including its coverage of sustainability, technology, ethics and professional scepticism — and is specifically tailored to the business and government needs of Ghana.

ICAG facilitates advanced standing for candidates from recognised universities and aligns with requirements of international bodies including the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC).

🌍

Internationally Recognised

Benchmarked with international qualifications; members benefit from mutual recognition agreements globally.

⚖️

Ethics at the Core

Ethics and professional scepticism are embedded in all 14 papers — not just as theory, but in practical scenarios.

💻

Technology-Forward

Covers AI, machine learning, robotic process automation, data analytics and cybersecurity for the modern accountant.

🌱

Sustainability Integrated

ESG, climate change and sustainable finance are woven throughout the syllabus to prepare future-ready professionals.

The 3-Level Pathway

Qualification Structure

You must complete each level before advancing to the next. Every level builds on the knowledge and skills from the previous one.

📘
Level 1

Knowledge

4
Papers
1.1 · Financial Accounting
1.2 · Business Management and Information Systems
1.3 · Business and Corporate Law
1.4 · Introduction to Cost & Management Accounting
📗
Level 2

Application

6
Papers
2.1 · Financial Reporting
2.2 · Management Accounting
2.3 · Audit and Assurance
2.4 · Financial Management
2.5 · Public Sector Accounting and Finance
2.6 · Principles of Taxation
🏆
Level 3

Professional

4
Papers
3.1 · Corporate Reporting
3.2 · Advanced Audit and Assurance
3.3 · Advanced Taxation
3.4 · Strategic Case Study
📘

Level 1: Knowledge Level

Pass all Level 1 papers before proceeding to Level 2.

1.1Financial Accounting

Develop knowledge of double-entry accounting techniques and preparation of basic financial statements for sole traders, partnerships, companies and not-for-profit entities. Includes financial statement interpretation and key accounting ratios.

Key Topics

Double-entry accountingTrial balance & adjustmentsFinancial statementsPartnership accountsIncomplete recordsPublic vs private sectorAccounting ratios
1.2Business Management and Information Systems

Introduction to business structures, organisational processes, and the business environment in Ghana. Covers how information systems support business objectives, and the impact of technology on the accountant.

Key Topics

Entity types & objectivesOrganisational structuresBusiness environment & strategyMarketing, HR & operationsInformation managementPEST, SWOT, Porter's Five ForcesAI, cloud & fintech impact
1.3Business and Corporate Law

Introduction to the Ghanaian legal system and specific areas of business law — contracts, employment, company law, governance structures, ethics and criminal law. Essential for every finance professional.

Key Topics

Ghanaian legal frameworkContract lawEmployment lawCompany lawCorporate governanceEthics & criminal lawRegulatory compliance
1.4Introduction to Cost & Management Accounting

Core management accounting concepts in costing, budgeting, performance management and decision-making. Also covers the role of management accounting in the public sector.

Key Topics

Costing methodsBudgeting & variance analysisPerformance managementManagement decision-makingPublic sector management accounting
📗

Level 2: Application Level

Pass all Level 2 papers before proceeding to Level 3.

2.1Financial Reporting

Builds on Level 1 Financial Accounting with complex events and transactions. Greater emphasis on compliance with local and international accounting standards (IFRS/GAAP) and financial statement analysis.

Builds on: 1.1 Financial Accounting

Key Topics

IFRS and GAAP complianceComplex financial statementsAccounting for groupsFinancial instrumentsFinancial statement analysisAccounting choices & judgement
2.2Management Accounting

Advanced budgeting, cost accounting principles and management reporting techniques for planning, decision-making and control. Includes public sector management accounting processes.

Builds on: 1.4 Cost & Management Accounting

Key Topics

Advanced costing techniquesBudgeting & forecastingDecision-making analysisPerformance measurementTransfer pricing basicsPublic sector reporting
2.3Audit and Assurance

Risk-based audit methodology for private and public sector engagements. From appointment through planning, performance and reporting in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs).

Builds on: New topic

Key Topics

Risk-based audit approachISA standardsInternal controlsAudit planning & evidenceAudit reportingPublic sector auditProfessional scepticism
2.4Financial Management

Critical understanding of financial management — funding requirements, cost of capital, optimal financing structure, investment decisions, mergers & acquisitions, working capital, business valuation and financial risk management.

Builds on: 1.4 Cost & Management Accounting

Key Topics

Sources & cost of financeCapital structureInvestment appraisalWorking capital managementMergers & acquisitionsBusiness valuationFinancial risk management
2.5Public Sector Accounting and Finance

Solid knowledge of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) and technical skills for financial reporting in the public sector. Advisable to complete 2.1 Financial Reporting first.

Builds on: New topic (attempt after 2.1)

Key Topics

IPSAS frameworkPublic sector financial statementsCash vs accrual accountingGovernment budgetingPublic Financial Management Act 2016Public sector accountability
2.6Principles of Taxation

The Ghanaian system of taxation — basic principles for individuals and corporations, capital gains tax, VAT, customs duties, and tax administration.

Builds on: New topic

Key Topics

Ghanaian tax systemPersonal income taxCorporate taxCapital gains taxVAT & customs dutiesTax administrationTaxpayer obligations
🏆

Level 3: Professional Level

Exemptions are NOT granted for any Level 3 paper — all four must be sat.

3.1Corporate Reporting

Professional judgement and technical competence in preparing and interpreting financial statements for complex business entities. Evaluating and communicating the impact of current developments in corporate reporting.

Builds on: 2.1 Financial Reporting

Key Topics

Complex group accountsAccounting for business combinationsCurrent corporate reporting issuesIntegrated reportingSustainability reportingCritical evaluation of standards
3.2Advanced Audit and Assurance

Higher-level skills to perform registered auditor responsibilities under Ghana legislation and ISAs. Includes public sector audits and International Standards of Supreme Audit Institutions (ISSAI).

Builds on: 2.3 Audit and Assurance

Key Topics

Advanced audit riskComplex audit engagementsQuality management (ISQM)Statutory auditor responsibilitiesPublic sector & ISSAI standardsForensic & IT audit
3.3Advanced Taxation

Advanced application of Ghanaian tax law — complex corporate and personal tax issues, international taxation principles, tax planning, and advising clients on tax-efficient structures.

Builds on: 2.6 Principles of Taxation

Key Topics

Complex corporate taxationInternational tax principlesTax planning & avoidanceTransfer pricingTax disputes & litigationAdvising on tax strategy
3.4Strategic Case Study

Capstone paper integrating knowledge from across the qualification. Strategic analysis, choice and implementation, governance, management information, and stakeholder recommendations — all set in complex, realistic business scenarios.

Builds on: 1.2 Business Management, 2.2 Management Accounting, 2.4 Financial Management

Key Topics

Strategic analysis frameworksStrategic choice & implementationGovernance & ethics in practicePerformance measurementFinancial & stakeholder analysisProfessional communication
Exams & Assessment

How Are You Assessed?

Pass Mark: 50%

All papers are marked out of 100. A minimum score of 50% is required to pass each paper. You do not need to pass all papers in a level in the same sitting.

💻

Computer Based Exams (2025)

From 2025, ICAG is implementing Computer Based Exams (CBE) in phases. Level 1 begins with MCQ objective testing. Levels 2 and 3 are phased in progressively. Students must develop skills in CBE environments.

📈

Skill Progression

Level 1: Identify, explain, calculate.
Level 2: Apply, prepare, analyse in realistic scenarios.
Level 3: Evaluate, advise, make professional judgements on complex situations.

Who Can Apply

Entry Requirements

🎓 Senior High School (SHS) Certificate

  • WASSCE holders: Six (6) credits including English Language and Mathematics
  • SSSCE/GBCE holders: Six (6) passes (grades A–D) including English and Mathematics

📜 Diploma & Degree Holders

  • ATSWA (Accounting Technicians Scheme West Africa)
  • Diploma, HND, Bachelor's Degree, or Master's Degree
  • Any other qualification acceptable to the Institute

Degree and diploma holders may be eligible for paper exemptions — see the exemptions section below.

Save Time

Exemption Policy

Exemptions are granted to accredited institutions recognised by ICAG and the Ghana Tertiary Education Commission (GTEC). No exemptions are available at Level 3 — all four papers must be sat.

Diploma in Accounting (Tertiary Institution)
Exemption: All Level 1 papers
HND Accountancy Option
Exemption: All Level 1 papers + 2.3 Audit and Assurance
ATSWA
Exemption: All Level 1 papers + 2.3 Audit and Assurance + 2.6 Principles of Taxation
BSc Admin (Accounting), BCom (Accounting), BSc Admin (Accounting & Finance) — Level 300
Exemption: All Level 1 papers
BSc Admin (Accounting Option) — Level 300
Exemption: Level 1 + 2.3 Audit and Assurance + 2.6 Principles of Taxation
Bachelor's Degree in Accounting (Accredited University)
Exemption: All Level 1 papers + 2.3 Audit and Assurance + 2.6 Principles of Taxation
Bachelor's Degree (other than Accounting)
Exemption: Subject-by-subject (based on academic transcript)
Master's Degree (Accounting) + First Degree in Accounting
Exemption: All Level 1 papers + All Level 2 papers (except 2.5 Public Sector Accounting)
Other Professional Qualifications (ICAG recognised)
Exemption: Subject-by-subject (based on result slip)
Practical Experience

3–5 Years of Work Experience

To qualify as a member of ICAG, candidates must complete 450 days of practical work experience (typically 3–5 years) under a training agreement with an authorised employer or principal.

Experience must be recorded throughout training, involve increasing responsibility as you progress, and expose you to diverse clients and sectors.

Acceptable Experience Categories

Accounting
Audit and Assurance
Financial Management
Information Technology
Insolvency
Taxation
After Qualification

Professional Development

ICAG members are committed to lifelong professional development across seven key competency areas:

Adding Value:Add measurable value to your organisation, team or role to achieve objectives.
Communication:Communicate effectively at all levels using oral, written and presentational skills.
Decision-Making:Gather, interpret and evaluate data to make effective, evidence-based decisions.
Ethics & Professionalism:Behave ethically and sustainably while upholding the values of the profession.
Problem Solving:Analyse problems, generate options and make sound recommendations.
Teamwork:Collaborate as a member or leader of a team to achieve shared goals.
Technical Competence:Seek, learn and apply technology and technical knowledge to achieve goals.
Getting Started

How to Register for ICAG

Follow these steps to begin your ICAG journey.

01

Check Your Entry Requirements

Confirm you meet the minimum entry requirements — WASSCE/SSSCE with 6 credits (including English & Maths), or a diploma/degree qualification. Check what exemptions you may be entitled to.

02

Visit the ICAG Website

Go to icagh.com to access the official student registration portal. Create your student account and complete the online registration form.

03

Submit Your Documents

Upload certified copies of your academic certificates and transcripts. If applying for exemptions, your institution must be accredited by GTEC and have a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with ICAG.

04

Pay Your Registration Fee

Pay the applicable registration and exemption fees. Fees vary based on the number of papers and your entry route. Check the ICAG website for the current fee schedule.

05

Enrol in Study Courses

Register for ICAG-approved learning materials (published by Emile Woolf International) and enrol in tuition courses to support your exam preparation.

06

Book Your Examinations

Register for the papers you intend to sit in the upcoming exam sitting. ICAG holds examinations in May/June and November/December each year.

🎓

Ready to Start Your
ICAG Journey?

Study with expert tutors, AI-powered learning, HD video lectures and live classes — all designed specifically for the ICAG syllabus.

No credit card required · Study at your own pace

Initializing StudyMate